Which storage type is designed to retain data while the system is powered on?

The correct answer is RAM, which stands for Random Access Memory. This type of storage is specifically designed for temporarily holding data that a computer is actively using or processing while the system is powered on. RAM allows for fast read and write access to a storage medium, facilitating quick data retrieval and manipulation by the processor.

When a computer is turned off, the data stored in RAM is lost, as it is volatile memory. This characteristic makes RAM ideal for tasks that require immediate access to data, such as running applications or processing information, rather than for long-term data retention.

While SSDs (Solid State Drives) and Flash storage are non-volatile and can retain data even when the power is off, they are used primarily for permanent data storage. ROM (Read-Only Memory) is another non-volatile type of storage, typically used to store firmware, but it is not used for temporary data storage while the system is operational. Thus, RAM distinguishes itself by being the type of storage specifically engineered to work with active processes while the system is powered on.