Which programming language is known for being statically typed and free-form?

The programming language known for being statically typed and free-form is C++.

C++ is statically typed because variable types are checked at compile time, which means that the data type of a variable must be explicitly declared before it can be used. This allows for better performance and type safety, as errors related to type mismatches can be caught early in the development process.

Additionally, C++ is considered free-form because it does not have a strict requirement on the placement of code and allows for more flexibility in formatting. You can write C++ code across multiple lines and use various spacing without affecting the meaning of the code, which contributes to its versatility in programming styles.

In contrast, Java is also statically typed but has more stringent syntax rules than C++. Python and JavaScript, on the other hand, are dynamically typed languages, meaning variable types are determined at runtime rather than compile time, which deviates from the characteristics of static typing.