What type of programming language would typically provide minimal abstraction from the computer's instruction set?

A low-level language is characterized by its close proximity to the computer's hardware and instruction set, offering minimal abstraction. This type of language, which includes assembly language and machine code, enables programmers to write instructions that the CPU can execute directly. As such, it provides detailed control over hardware resources, memory management, and system processes, making it ideal for system programming and optimizing performance-critical applications.

High-level languages, in contrast, abstract away the hardware details, using more human-readable code that allows for easier programming and faster development. Object-oriented and functional languages represent paradigms within high-level programming that also provide significant abstraction, enhancing code reusability and maintainability.

The emphasis on minimal abstraction in low-level languages is what primarily distinguishes them from higher-level alternatives, making them essential in scenarios where performance and resource control are paramount.