What does ROM stand for in computing?

In computing, ROM stands for Read-Only Memory. This type of memory is non-volatile, which means that it retains its contents even when the power is turned off. ROM is primarily used to store firmware or software that is closely tied to hardware, such as the system's basic input/output system (BIOS) in computers. Unlike RAM (Random Access Memory), the data stored in ROM cannot be easily modified or rewritten; instead, it is permanently etched during manufacturing or requires special procedures to alter.

ROM plays a crucial role in the boot process and system initialization, ensuring that essential instructions for loading the operating system and performing initial hardware checks are available as soon as the device is powered on. Its read-only characteristic is fundamental in keeping sensitive and vital information secure from accidental changes or deletions.